Abstract The fish may experience periods of food deprivation or starvation which produce metabolic changes.In this study, adult Rhamdia quelen males were subjected to fasting periods of Kitchen Slicers 1, 7, 14, and 21 days and of refeeding 2, 4, 6, and 12 days.The results demonstrated that liver protein was depleted after 1 day of fasting, but rec
Achievement of Unidirectional Aluminum Tin Oxide/UV-Curable Polymer Hybrid Film via UV Nanoimprinting Lithography for Uniform Liquid Crystal Alignment
A uniform unidirectional nanostructure composed of aluminum tin oxide and ultraviolet (UV)-curable polymer is introduced Air Conditioner Filter herein.The nanostructure was produced by UV-nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL), and the fabricated hybrid film was used as a uniform liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer.Atomic force microscopy and line profil
Isolation-by-distance and outbreeding depression are sufficient to drive parapatric speciation in the absence of environmental influences.
A commonly held view in evolutionary biology is that speciation (the emergence of genetically distinct and reproductively incompatible subpopulations) is driven by external environmental constraints, such as localized barriers to dispersal or habitat-based variation in selection pressures.We have developed a spatially explicit model of a biological